Ecofys 2014 by order of European Commission
The report, commissioned for the European Commission by Ecofys, shows that total direct energy subsidies1 in the EU in 2012 were estimated at €122 billion euros, with fossil fuels (coal and gas) and nuclear making up 36% (€43 billion euros) and renewables getting slightly less at 34% (€41 billion euros). These figures show that renewables cost the taxpayer less than dirty energy alternatives.